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How to perform surgery on pituitary tumor

2025-11-21 01:42:30 Mother and baby

How to perform surgery on pituitary tumors: comprehensive analysis of surgical methods and precautions

Pituitary tumors are benign tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Although they are mostly benign, they may cause serious symptoms due to compression of surrounding tissues or abnormal hormone secretion. Surgery is one of the main ways to treat pituitary tumors. This article will combine the hot medical topics on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide a structured analysis of the common methods, indications and postoperative care of pituitary tumor surgery.

1. Common types of pituitary tumor surgery

How to perform surgery on pituitary tumor

Surgery typeApplicable situationsAdvantagesDisadvantages
Transnasphenoidal approach surgery (minimally invasive)Most pituitary tumors (especially microadenomas)Small trauma, quick recovery, no external scarsLimited effect on large or aggressive tumors
craniotomyTumors that are large or invade surrounding tissueComplete resection of complex tumorsBig trauma, long recovery period, high risk
endoscopic assisted surgeryMicroadenomas or some macroadenomasClear vision and precise resectionRequires professional equipment and technology

2. Indications and contraindications for surgery

ClassificationSpecific content
Indications
  • Tumor causing visual disturbances or headaches
  • Abnormal hormone secretion (eg, acromegaly, Cushing's disease)
  • The tumor increases in size and compresses surrounding tissues.
Contraindications
  • Severe cardiorespiratory insufficiency
  • coagulopathy
  • The tumor has spread extensively and cannot be removed

3. Precautions before and after surgery

1. Preoperative preparation:

  • Improve imaging examinations (MRI/CT) and hormone level testing
  • Control underlying diseases (such as high blood pressure, diabetes)
  • Fast for 8 hours before surgery

2. Postoperative care:

  • Monitor urine output (diabetes insipidus may occur)
  • Check hormone levels regularly
  • Avoid blowing your nose too hard (after nasal surgery)
  • Avoid strenuous exercise for 3 months

4. Surgical risks and complications

Complication typeincidenceCountermeasures
cerebrospinal fluid leakAbout 3%-5%Bed rest, secondary surgery if necessary
diabetes insipidus10%-20%hormone replacement therapy
infection<2%antibiotic treatment

5. Postoperative rehabilitation and follow-up

Long-term follow-up is required after pituitary tumor surgery. It is recommended that:

  • Review MRI and hormone levels 1 month after surgery
  • Review every 3-6 months for 2 years
  • If symptoms such as vision changes and headache occur, seek medical attention promptly.

Summary:Pituitary tumor surgical techniques have become minimally invasive and precise, but appropriate options need to be selected based on tumor size, location and individual patient conditions. Standard postoperative management and follow-up are the key to ensuring curative effect. If you have related symptoms, it is recommended to go to a neurosurgery or endocrinology department for evaluation as soon as possible.

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